Electrode potentials.-  Reference redox systems in non-aqueous systems and the relation of electrode potentials in non-aqueous and mixed solvents to standard potentials in water -- Liquid junction potentials -- Salt bridges and diaphragms -- Reference electrodes for aqueous solutions -- Reference Electrodes for Use in Nonaqueous Solutions -- Reference electrodes for ionic liquids and molten salts -- Reference Electrodes in Oxidic Glass Melts.- Reference electrodes for solid electrolyte devices -- Direct solid contact in reference electrodes -- Micro reference electrodes.- Conducting polymer based reference electrodes -- Screen-printed, disposable, reference electrodes -- Pseudo-reference electrodes -- The Kelvin Probe technique as reference electrode for application on thin and ultra-thin electrolyte films.

Reference Electrodes are a crucial part of any electrochemical system, yet an up-to-date and comprehensive handbook is long overdue. Here, an experienced team of electrochemists provides an in-depth source of information and data for the proper choice and construction of reference electrodes. This includes all kinds of applications such as aqueous and non-aqueous solutions, ionic liquids, glass melts, solid electrolyte systems, and membrane electrodes. Advanced technologies such as miniaturized, conducting-polymer-based, screen-printed or disposable reference electrodes are also covered. Essential know-how is clearly presented and illustrated with almost 200 figures.